How does soap clean?
Soap has cleaned us for centuries, but few people understand what is actually happening. When your soap is an important food item in the household and rely on it, I think it is important to clear up with the principle of soap cleansing. The principle of cleansing lies in the molecular structure of water, oils and soaps.
Water is a bipolar molecule. One of its ends, two hydrogen atoms, is positively charged; the other end, the oxygen atom, is negative. This bipolar nature gives the water the character of cohesion or mutual attraction between the water molecule. This feature is most noticeable when the drinking glass is filled with water to the top. The water is actually standing over the edge without spilling. The mutual attractiveness of a water molecule makes water incompatible with oil. This is because the oil has an electrical charge that is uniform. In oil there are no positive and negative poles of the molecule. In order to connect the water and the oil, it is necessary to look similar to and lead to oil - partly polar, partly non-polar. This substance must be the agent between water and oil. That substance is just soap!
During saponification, fatty acids are combined with caustic sodium or potassium to form a soap molecule. One end of this molecule consists of a sodium or potassium group that likes water. The other end consists of a group of fatty acids that do not like water. This molecule looks like a snake, sodium (or potassium) as a "head" and fatty acid as a "tail".
What happens when the soap is added to the water? The fake tail of the soap molecule rushes to the surface to avoid touching the water and settling in the air. This interrupts the surface tension of water and causes expansion. If you add a little soap to the top of a glass of water, it will immediately spill over the rim of the glass.
What happens when a dirty cloth or oils are added to soaps? Hydrophobic tails rush to the fat cock and are set so that the tails surround the fat particle. Hydrophilic heads remain in the water. These tails work as small hammers that remove fat particles. So-surrounded fat particles generate larger droplets that water can simply take away and rinse.
Water is a bipolar molecule. One of its ends, two hydrogen atoms, is positively charged; the other end, the oxygen atom, is negative. This bipolar nature gives the water the character of cohesion or mutual attraction between the water molecule. This feature is most noticeable when the drinking glass is filled with water to the top. The water is actually standing over the edge without spilling. The mutual attractiveness of a water molecule makes water incompatible with oil. This is because the oil has an electrical charge that is uniform. In oil there are no positive and negative poles of the molecule. In order to connect the water and the oil, it is necessary to look similar to and lead to oil - partly polar, partly non-polar. This substance must be the agent between water and oil. That substance is just soap!
During saponification, fatty acids are combined with caustic sodium or potassium to form a soap molecule. One end of this molecule consists of a sodium or potassium group that likes water. The other end consists of a group of fatty acids that do not like water. This molecule looks like a snake, sodium (or potassium) as a "head" and fatty acid as a "tail".
What happens when the soap is added to the water? The fake tail of the soap molecule rushes to the surface to avoid touching the water and settling in the air. This interrupts the surface tension of water and causes expansion. If you add a little soap to the top of a glass of water, it will immediately spill over the rim of the glass.
What happens when a dirty cloth or oils are added to soaps? Hydrophobic tails rush to the fat cock and are set so that the tails surround the fat particle. Hydrophilic heads remain in the water. These tails work as small hammers that remove fat particles. So-surrounded fat particles generate larger droplets that water can simply take away and rinse.
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